Treaty guide

Outer Space Treaty Article IX

Due regard, harmful contamination, and consultation duties.

What it is

Article IX addresses due regard for other states' interests, harmful contamination, adverse changes to Earth environments, and consultation where harmful interference may occur.

Why it matters

Scientific, industrial, and settlement activity may create new environmental and operational risks.

CGI work

OSTGAP treats Article IX as a key provision for linking legal analysis to environmental and operational safeguards.